Natural science knowledge in civilizational studies

Abstract

Modern knowledge of ethology are considered in their application to the problems of local civilizations. Human behavior is determined by innate and acquired patterns of behavior. They correspond to two interconnected parts of each civilization: a culture that correlates to the acquired behavior, and a mentality (self-preservation instinct), referring to the inher­ited behavior and ensuring the constancy of the behavior of the people from generation to generation. The relationship between culture and mentality and the negative conse­quences of imposing an alien culture on people with an ingrained mentality are shown on the example of the organization of labor in the Russian artel. Psychological personality types that are stably inherited are examed, and taking into account them, the role of the Moscow principality in the formation of the Russian state is considered.